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Ethological Psychology
Ethological psychology, the study of behavior, especially
behavior that is typical of a species, in the individual's
natural environment with a view to understanding the
behavior and evolutionary significance of behavior. Ethologists
have developed knowledge of, among other
things, imprinting, instincts and triggered and ritualized
patterns of action from such studies.
Ethologically oriented developmental psychologists argue
that the child's behavior must be understood based on the
evolutionary assumptions of human nature. Behavior and
interaction in the child's early life, such as language,
affiliation, and innate reflexes, have been devoted to great
attention.
Dynamic Psychology
Dynamic psychology, psychological theories that place
significant emphasis on the driving forces
behind behavior (emotions, drives, motives and needs), their
conflicts and forms of expression. One example
is psychoanalysis.
Comparative Psychology
Comparative psychology, comparative psychology, in
which behavioral processes are investigated in animals
believed to be similar in humans. This includes studies of
animals at various stages of development.
Analytical Psychology
Analytical psychology is a depth psychology direction
designed by Carl Gustav Jung between 1913 and 1916, after
breaking with Sigmund Freud. The direction was meant as an
alternative to psychoanalysis.
Positive Psychology
Positive psychology, a newer direction in psychology,
named by Martin Seligman, where attention is focused on
psychological health and well-being rather than on mental
disorder and treatment.
Concepts such as happiness, quality of life, mastery,
optimism and resilience are central to positive psychology. |
