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Animal Psychology
Animal psychology, the study of animal behavior, with a
view to elucidating human behavior (comparative
psychology). Animals are used as experimental objects in
most of psychology's research areas. Often the results show
that parallel principles of behavior apply to animals and
humans, but it has also been pointed out that humans and
animals differ in significant ways.
For example, humans have a longer period of dependence
(childhood, adolescence) than any other animal species, a
linguistic communication system without biological
equivalents, and a far more complicated social structure
than has been demonstrated among animals. Thus, one cannot
simply generalize behavioral observations from animals to
humans, or vice versa. This means that, for several
psychological matters, relatively species-specific
behavioral laws apply (see Ethology).
In cases where it is justifiable to draw conclusions from
animal research to human conditions, there may be both
ethical and economic reasons for preferring animals as
experimental objects. The fact that animals have a shorter
life expectancy also allows genetic and developmental
studies to be conducted faster than similar studies in
humans. However, it is important to point out that knowledge
of animal behavior has its intrinsic value, regardless of
what it may say about human experiences and behavior.
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